Data backup (3-2-1 rule)

3-2-1 rule: 3 copies, 2 media, 1 offsite. Data loss is when, not if.

10 steps across 1 sections

1. Steps Guide

  • Identify critical data — Documents, photos, financials
  • Local backup — External drive or NAS. Automated
  • Cloud backup — Backblaze ($99/yr), Google One, iCloud
  • Offsite separation — Cloud provides geographic distance
  • Automate — Time Machine, File History
  • Encrypt — All destinations, especially portable
  • Phone backup — iCloud or Google One
  • Test restores monthly — Untested = not backed up
  • Version history — Against ransomware
  • Document plan — What, where, how, restore steps

Common Mistakes

  • Only one backup
  • Never testing
  • Same location
  • Unencrypted portable
  • Sync is not backup

Pro Tips

  • Cloud sync is not cloud backup
  • Backblaze affordable unlimited
  • NAS for local network
  • Ransomware encrypts connected; offsite critical
  • One disconnected backup

Sources

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