Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a temporary employment authorization for F-1 students that allows them to work in a position directly related to their major area of study. Post-completion OPT provides up to 12 months of work authorization after completing an academic program.
5 steps across 2 sections
1. Pre-Completion OPT
- Can work part-time (20 hours/week) during school sessions or full-time during breaks.
- Each month of part-time pre-completion OPT reduces post-completion OPT by half a month.
2. Post-Completion OPT
- Available after completing degree requirements or all coursework (excluding thesis/dissertation).
- Full-time employment (20+ hours/week minimum).
- Cannot accumulate more than 90 days of unemployment during the 12-month OPT period.
Common Mistakes
- Missing the filing window
- Not filing within 30 days of DSO recommendation
- Exceeding the 90-day unemployment limit
- Working before the EAD start date
- Not reporting employment to DSO
Pro Tips
- Apply as early as possible within the 90-day window
- Use premium processing
- The SEVP Portal
- Volunteer or unpaid work
- Plan your OPT start date strategically