An absentee ballot allows you to vote by mail when you cannot physically go to your polling place on Election Day. Every state offers some form of absentee or mail-in voting, though rules vary significantly.
8 steps across 1 sections
1. Steps Process
- Check your state's rules — Visit your state's election office website or usa.gov/absentee-voting to learn whether you need an excuse, deadlines for requesting a ballot, and how ballots can be retur...
- Verify your voter registration — You must be registered to vote before requesting an absentee ballot. Update your registration if you have moved.
- Request your absentee ballot — Submit a request through your county or local election office by mail, online, or in person. Most states require a separate request for each election.
- Provide required identification — Some states require a copy of your photo ID, driver's license number, or last four digits of your SSN with your request.
- Receive your ballot — Election offices mail ballots at least 45 days before a federal election. Track your ballot status through your state's voter portal.
- Complete your ballot carefully — Read all instructions, mark your choices clearly, and do not make stray marks. Use the provided inner secrecy envelope if included.
- Sign the outer envelope — Your signature must match the one on file with the election office. Some states require a witness signature or notarization.
- Return your ballot on time — Mail it back with sufficient postage (some states provide prepaid envelopes), drop it at a designated drop box, or return it in person to the election office. Note the ...
Common Mistakes
- Missing the request deadline
- Forgetting to sign the envelope
- Signature mismatch
- Mailing too late
- Using the wrong envelope
Pro Tips
- Request your ballot as early as possible to allow time for mail delays
- Many states let you track your ballot online to confirm it was received and a...
- Military and overseas voters can use FVAP.gov to register and request ballots...
- Some states offer permanent absentee voter status, automatically mailing you ...
- If you requested an absentee ballot but decide to vote in person, most states...