Business license (city/county)

A business license is a permit issued by a government agency that allows an individual or company to conduct business within that jurisdiction. Requirements vary significantly by location — what is required in one city or county may not be required in another, even within the same state.

19 steps across 6 sections

1. Check Federal Requirements

  • Most businesses do not need a federal license
  • Exceptions: businesses regulated by federal agencies (alcohol, firearms, aviation, broadcasting, agriculture, mining)

2. Check State Requirements

  • Visit your state's business licensing website
  • Some states (e.g., Colorado, Texas) do not have a general statewide business license
  • States that do require one often handle it through the Secretary of State or Department of Revenue

3. Check City and County Requirements

  • Visit your local government website or call the city/county clerk
  • The SBA provides a tool at sba.gov/business-guide/launch-your-business/apply-licenses-permits where you can enter your zip code to find local requirements
  • Many cities have online portals for license applications

4. Check Zoning

  • Verify your business location is zoned for your type of business
  • Home-based businesses typically need a home occupation permit
  • Retail locations may need a certificate of occupancy

5. General Business License

  • A blanket permit to operate any business within a jurisdiction
  • Required by most cities and many counties
  • Sometimes called a "business tax certificate" or "business privilege license"
  • Typically based on gross receipts or a flat fee
  • Some jurisdictions (e.g., Charlotte, NC) do not require a general business license

6. Specific/Activity-Based Licenses

  • Required for particular business activities (food service, alcohol sales, construction, home-based businesses)
  • May be required in addition to a general business license
  • Examples: health department permits, fire department permits, zoning permits, sign permits, home occupation permits

Common Mistakes

  • Assuming one license covers everything
  • Forgetting to renew
  • Not checking zoning first
  • Ignoring home-based business rules
  • Operating before getting licensed

Sources

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